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| Keywords: RabinowJacob 025.jpg A magnetic fluid consisting of a mixture of fine iron and oil formed the heart of the NBS magnetic fluid clutch When acted upon by a small permanent magnet that portion of the mixture in the magnetic fluid solidified the iron particles mutually attracted and adhered to the magnet When this fluid was placed between two movable members this effect was used to control mechanical coupling between them This was the basis of the fluid clutch which offered advantages in many applications particularly in servo mechanisms The unique properties of such a magnetic fluid suggested other possible uses for example the sumulation of tide phenomena in exhibit models Jacob Rabinow invented the Magnetic Particle Clutch in 1947 during his work on ordnance at the National Bureau of Standards The particle clutch used a mixture of light lubricating oil and powdered carbonyl iron inside a chamber connecting two free spinning plates When an electromagnet attached to the chamber was energized the iron particles would magnetize and attract each other producing an almost solid mass which locked the plates together Controlling the magnetic flux would control the amount of torque between the plates Because Rabinow invented the Magnetic Particle Clutch as part of his work at the National Bureau of Standards the United States Government owned the U S patent However in partnership with his brother Joseph Rabinow did file for patents in 22 foreign countries Due of the simple design precise torque control smooth operation and long life the device found wide application It was used in Renault and Subaru automobiles in Europe and Japan in airplane controls and in the disc file of the IBM RAMAC computer Reference Inventing for Fun and Profit Jacob Rabinow San Francisco Press San Francisco CA 1990 pp 49-55 National Institute of Standards and Technology National Institute of Standards and Technology PD-USGov-NIST PD-USGov Magnetic_particle_clutches | ||||
